2025 Multiprofessional Critical Care Review: Adult Online-6: Oncologic ICU Emergencies

Video Transcription

Video Summary

Steve Pastores discusses oncologic emergencies in a critical care review course. His talk covers the identification and management of classic and novel oncologic emergencies, focusing on metabolic syndromes like tumor lysis syndrome and hypercalcemia, and emergencies linked to hematologic malignancies and cancer immunotherapies. He highlights tumor lysis syndrome, characterized by rapid breakdown of tumor cells, leading to electrolyte imbalances, and primarily affecting patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy or with high-grade malignancies. Management includes intravenous hydration, corrections of electrolyte imbalances, and potentially using medications like allopurinol or rasburicase. Hypercalcemia, commonly seen in cancers like multiple myeloma or Hodgkin lymphoma, is managed with fluids, biphosphonates, and, if needed, drugs like denusamab. Structural emergencies, such as spinal cord compression and superior vena cava syndrome, require prompt imaging and interventions like steroids or surgical decompression. Cardiopulmonary problems include cardiac tamponade and airway obstructions, treated with procedures like pericardiocentesis. Immunotherapy complications involve cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity, managed with medications like tocilizumab and corticosteroids. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are vital for patient safety.

Keywords

oncologic emergencies

tumor lysis syndrome

hypercalcemia

hematologic malignancies

cancer immunotherapies

cytokine release syndrome

spinal cord compression

	Society of Critical Care Medicine 500 Midway Drive Mount Prospect, IL 60056 USA Phone: +1 847 827-6888 Fax: +1 847 439-7226 Email: support@sccm.org	Contact Us About SCCM Newsroom Advertising & Sponsorship DONATE	MySCCM LearnICU Patients & Families Surviving Sepsis Campaign Critical Care Societies Collaborative	GET OUR NEWSLETTER
© Society of Critical Care Medicine. All rights reserved. \| Privacy Statement \| Terms & Conditions The Society of Critical Care Medicine, SCCM, and Critical Care Congress are registered trademarks of the Society of Critical Care Medicine.