Multiprofessional Critical Care Review: Adult 2024 (MCCRCA24ON)-17

17_Endocrine Emergencies

Pdf Summary

The document discusses various endocrine emergencies, including thyroid storm, myxedema coma, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), hypoglycemia, adrenal insufficiency, diabetes insipidus (DI), and pheochromocytoma. It delves into the causes, manifestations, diagnostic tests, and treatment approaches for each condition. For example, thyroid storm is characterized by severe thyrotoxicosis and is managed by blocking thyroid hormone synthesis and effects, along with supportive care. Myxedema coma is triggered by various factors like infection and requires ICU monitoring and hormone replacement therapy. DKA and HHNK are complications seen in diabetes, requiring fluid resuscitation, insulin administration, and electrolyte management. Adrenal insufficiency can result from various causes like pituitary tumors and is treated with steroid replacement therapy. Diabetes insipidus presents with hypernatremia and is managed by fluid replacement and vasopressin administration. Pheochromocytoma, an adrenal tumor, leads to hypertension and palpitations and is treated with alpha and beta blockers. Key points emphasize the importance of tailored treatments for each endocrine emergency, focusing on restoring hormonal balance and managing symptoms accordingly.

Keywords

endocrine emergencies

thyroid storm

myxedema coma

diabetic ketoacidosis

hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

hypoglycemia

adrenal insufficiency

diabetes insipidus

pheochromocytoma

hormonal balance

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