Multiprofessional Critical Care Review: Adult 2024 (MCCRCA24ON)-9: Complex Acid-Base Disorders (Kianoush Banaei-Kashani, MD, MS, MSc, FASN)

9: Complex Acid-Base Disorders (Kianoush Banaei-Kashani, MD, MS, MSc, FASN)

Video Transcription

Video Summary

In this lecture, the speaker discusses complex acid-based disorders, specifically focusing on metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis. They explain the importance of history and physical examination in identifying the sources of acid-based disorders, as well as the evaluation of arterial pH to determine acidemia or alkalemia. The speaker also emphasizes the role of the Henderson-Hasselbalch formula in understanding acid-base disorders. They discuss the compensation mechanisms of the lungs and kidneys in response to acidosis or alkalosis. The lecture further delves into the calculation of anion gap to identify the type of acid-base or electrolyte imbalance. They describe the different causes of anion gap metabolic acidosis, including lactic acidosis, drug-induced ketoacidosis, and alcoholic ketoacidosis. They also touch upon the management and treatment options for these conditions. The speaker goes on to discuss non-anion gap metabolic acidosis, renal tubular acidosis, and the diagnostic criteria for these disorders. Lastly, the lecture covers the induction and maintenance factors for metabolic alkalosis, along with the importance of kidney excretion.

Keywords

acid-based disorders

metabolic acidosis

metabolic alkalosis

Henderson-Hasselbalch formula

compensation mechanisms

anion gap

renal tubular acidosis

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