Multiprofessional Critical Care Review: Adult 2024 (MCCRCA24ON)-Hematologic/Oncologic Emergencies

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The video discusses key hematologic and oncologic emergencies, critical for ABIM board exams, comprising 6% of the blueprint. It addresses tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), emphasizing aggressive hydration, electrolyte correction, and the use of rasburicase, while screening for G6PD deficiency to prevent hemolysis. Malignancy-associated hypercalcemia management includes IV hydration, calcitonin, bisphosphonates, and corticosteroids. Spinal cord compression, SVC syndrome, and cardiac tamponade treatments focus on symptom control, steroids, and surgical options. Hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis require leukophoresis and cytoreduction. Hyperviscosity syndrome, common in multiple myeloma, requires plasmophoresis. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) treatment involves supportive care and specific anti-inflammatory drugs. The use of checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy calls for diligent monitoring and treatment of related toxicities, mainly with steroids and specific inhibitors for cytokine release syndrome.

Keywords

hematologic emergencies

oncologic emergencies

tumor lysis syndrome

hypercalcemia management

checkpoint inhibitors

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