Multiprofessional Critical Care Review: Pediatric (2023)-Acute Renal Failure and Renal Replacement Therapy

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The video lecture discussed the etiologies and treatment options for acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric patients. The lecturer provided a case study of a 10-year-old girl who developed AKI following a hip surgery. The three main etiologies of AKI were identified as prerenal causes, renal causes, and postrenal causes.<br /><br />The lecturer explained that the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of how much bloodborne substances can be excreted by the kidneys per unit time. Various factors, such as decreased renal blood flow or direct damage to the glomerulus, tubules, or interstitium, can lead to AKI.<br /><br />The evaluation and management of AKI were discussed, including the importance of clinical history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. The lecturer also emphasized the need to maintain adequate volume status and renal perfusion pressure, as well as to consider renal replacement therapy options like peritoneal dialysis, intermittent hemodialysis, and continuous renal replacement therapy.<br /><br />Fluid management goals, renal replacement therapy modalities, and the use of diuretics were also highlighted. The lecturer emphasized the importance of recognizing and managing fluid overload to prevent complications.<br /><br />The lecture concluded with a board-style question that tested the audience's knowledge of diuretic options for a patient with AKI. The correct answer was to begin treatment with metolazone, a thiazide-style diuretic, in addition to the loop diuretic the patient was already receiving.

Keywords

acute kidney injury

AKI

pediatric patients

etiologies

treatment options

renal replacement therapy

fluid management goals

diuretics

	Society of Critical Care Medicine 500 Midway Drive Mount Prospect, IL 60056 USA Phone: +1 847 827-6888 Fax: +1 847 439-7226 Email: support@sccm.org	Contact Us About SCCM Newsroom Advertising & Sponsorship DONATE	MySCCM LearnICU Patients & Families Surviving Sepsis Campaign Critical Care Societies Collaborative	GET OUR NEWSLETTER
© Society of Critical Care Medicine. All rights reserved. \| Privacy Statement \| Terms & Conditions The Society of Critical Care Medicine, SCCM, and Critical Care Congress are registered trademarks of the Society of Critical Care Medicine.