Multiprofessional Critical Care Review: Pediatric (2023)-Neuromuscular Diseases

Video Transcription

Video Summary

Dr. Ed Conway, Chief of Pediatric Critical Care at Jacobi Medical Center in the Bronx, delivers a presentation on the Pediatric Critical Care Board Review. He begins by discussing the lower motor neuron pathway and the differences between upper and lower motor neuron lesions. He then covers various diseases that affect the lower motor neuron, such as polio virus, West Nile virus, acute flaccid paralysis, spinal muscular atrophy, Guillain-Barré syndrome, tick paralysis, tetanus, myasthenia gravis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dr. Conway goes into detail about the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment options for each of these diseases. He also explains the different types of neuropathy that can occur in these conditions, including demyelination, motor nerve dysfunction, presynaptic dysfunction, and postsynaptic dysfunction. Dr. Conway then discusses the autonomic nervous system and its role in these diseases. He explains the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, as well as the metabolism of acetylcholine. He also covers the role of neuromuscular disease in respiratory failure, specifically focusing on muscle weakness, alterations in respiratory mechanics, impaired breathing control, and weakness of the muscles of the airway. Dr. Conway provides information on diagnostic tests and management strategies for respiratory failure in neuromuscular disease. He concludes the presentation by discussing other topics related to the lower motor neuron pathway, such as cholinergic toxicity, myasthenic crisis, and the use of neuromuscular blockers.

Keywords

lower motor neuron pathway

upper motor neuron lesions

diseases affecting lower motor neuron

neuropathy

autonomic nervous system

respiratory failure

muscle weakness

diagnostic tests

management strategies

neuromuscular blockers

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