Multiprofessional Critical Care Review: Pediatric (2023)-Respiratory Mechanics and Monitoring During Critical Illness

Video Transcription

Video Summary

In this video, Robby Kamani discusses respiratory mechanics and monitoring in pediatric critical care. He explains that respiratory diseases, particularly lower respiratory tract infections, are a major cause of death in children under five. Kamani takes a compartment-based approach to understanding respiratory failure, discussing the CNS compartment, upper airway compartment, intrathoracic compartment (including the lower airways and pulmonary parenchyma), and extra-thoracic compartment (which includes the respiratory muscles and peripheral nervous system). He focuses on the upper airway and lower airway, discussing principles such as understanding airway obstruction and flow dynamics, age-related airway dynamics, and the effects of resistance and compliance on respiratory mechanics. Kamani also explains the importance of transmural pressure and the role of PEEP in overcoming airway obstruction. He discusses the relationship between lung volumes and disease, as well as the concept of work of breathing and its components. Finally, he touches on respiratory muscle weakness and the use of accessory muscles in respiratory compensation. Overall, Kamani emphasizes the importance of understanding respiratory mechanics and monitoring in pediatric critical care to inform treatment strategies.

Keywords

respiratory mechanics

monitoring

pediatric critical care

lower respiratory tract infections

compartment-based approach

airway obstruction

transmural pressure

lung volumes

respiratory muscle weakness

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