Multiprofessional Critical Care Review: Pediatric 2024 (MCCRCP24ON)-Respiratory Mechanics and Monitoring During Critical Illness

Respiratory Mechanics and Monitoring During Critical Illness

Video Transcription

Video Summary

Dr. Robby Kamani from Children’s Hospital Los Angeles discusses respiratory monitoring and mechanics. He introduces the compartment-based model of respiratory physiology, covering the CNS, upper and lower airways, and pulmonary parenchyma. Kamani emphasizes the varying dynamics of upper airway obstructions, such as croup and obstructive sleep apnea, and explains the impact of age-related anatomical differences on airway resistance. For lower airway obstructions, he highlights the significance of transmural pressure during exhalation, especially in conditions like asthma and bronchiolitis. Kamani also touches on key concepts like pulmonary compliance, airway resistance, forced expiratory maneuvers, time constants, and the work of breathing. He concludes by discussing the differentiation between respiratory system mechanics and lung-specific mechanics, underlining the importance of transpulmonary pressure over driving pressure in evaluating lung stress.

Keywords

respiratory monitoring

airway obstructions

pulmonary compliance

transmural pressure

respiratory physiology

lung mechanics

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