SCCM Resource Library-Age-Related Differences in the Immune Response to Viral Respiratory Infections

Video Transcription

Video Summary

In this presentation, the speaker explores the differences between pediatric and adult responses to critical illness, with a focus on the immune response to viral respiratory infections. They compare hospitalization rates for influenza-like illnesses in children under 2 and adults over 65, and note that children under 2 are more likely to develop severe RSV infections. However, they point out that SARS-CoV-2 does not follow the same age distribution as other respiratory viruses, with adults over 65 being more susceptible and children under 4 appearing to be relatively protected. The speaker discusses changes in the immune system over childhood that could impact the antiviral response, including changes in the innate immune system and the acquisition of adaptive immunity. They present data showing that viral load does not necessarily correlate with disease severity, and highlight the role of type 1 interferon, monocytes, and the NLRP3 inflammasome in influenza-induced lung injury. The speaker also discusses their findings from a human cohort with mild SARS-CoV-2 infections, showing differences in interferon and inflammatory responses between children and adults. Overall, the presentation emphasizes the complexity of age-related immune responses to viral infections and the need for precision medicine in order to improve outcomes.

Asset Subtitle

Infection, Pediatrics, 2022

Asset Caption

Discuss the contrasts between pediatric and adult patients in several aspects of critical illness, specifically as related to basic science.

Meta Tag

Content Type Presentation

Knowledge Area Infection

Knowledge Area Pediatrics

Knowledge Level Intermediate

Knowledge Level Advanced

Membership Level Select

Tag Pediatrics

Tag Infectious Diseases

Year 2022

Keywords

pediatric

adult responses

immune response

SARS-CoV-2

innate immune system

viral load

precision medicine

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