SCCM Resource Library-FCCS Severe Malaria- Spanish

Pdf Summary

Malaria is a serious health problem worldwide, with 214 million cases and 438,000 deaths annually. It is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes infected with the Plasmodium parasite. The most common species causing the disease in humans is P. falciparum. Symptoms include fever, chills, nausea, and muscle aches. Severe cases can result in multiorgan failure and complications such as cerebral malaria, hypoglycemia, acute kidney injury, and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. High-risk populations include children, pregnant women, people with HIV, and travelers from non-endemic areas. Diagnosis is based on blood smears or rapid diagnostic tests.<br /><br />Early identification and diagnosis of severe malaria is crucial. Treatment of choice is intravenous artesunate, followed by a 7-day regimen of artemisinin combination therapy. Other treatment options include intramuscular artemether or intravenous quinine. Management should also include cautious fluid administration and monitoring for complications. Poor prognostic indicators include young age, severe neurological dysfunction, organ dysfunction, hypoglycemia, severe anemia, high parasitemia, and lactic acidosis.<br /><br />Overall, early identification and prompt treatment of severe malaria can save lives. Intravenous artesunate is the recommended first-line treatment, and fluid administration should be done with caution. There is limited evidence for other adjunctive treatments.

Asset Subtitle

Crisis Management, Infection, 2017

Keywords

Malaria

health problem

Anopheles mosquitoes

Plasmodium parasite

P. falciparum

fever

multiorgan failure

cerebral malaria

diagnosis

intravenous artesunate

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