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FCCS Yellow Fever
FCCS Yellow Fever
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Pdf Summary
Yellow fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the Flavivirus and transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It is endemic to tropical Africa and South America. The disease has four clinical stages: incubation, infection, remission, and intoxication. Only 15% of patients progress to the more severe intoxication phase. Diagnosis is made through immunosorbent assay for IgM antibodies. Treatment for yellow fever is supportive, as there is no specific antiviral treatment available. Prevention efforts include vaccination and mosquito eradication. The yellow fever vaccine uses the 17D YF virus strain and is given as a live attenuated virus from chicken embryos. Mild vaccine reactions such as headache, myalgias, and low-grade fever may occur. However, there are rare cases of vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) and neurotropic disease (YEL-AND). YEL-AVD has a high mortality rate and presents similar symptoms to acquired yellow fever, while YEL-AND has a low mortality rate but can cause fever, seizures, mental clouding, and severe headache. Mosquito eradication and bite avoidance are key prevention measures, along with the use of insect repellent, permethrin-treated clothing, and mosquito netting. Traveler education, especially for those going to endemic areas, is also important. The document provides further information on the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and management of yellow fever. It also includes additional resources for reference.
Asset Subtitle
Crisis Management, Infection, 2017
Keywords
Yellow fever
Zoonotic disease
Flavivirus
Aedes aegypti mosquito
Endemic
Clinical stages
Immunosorbent assay
Vaccination
17D YF virus strain
Mosquito eradication
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