SCCM Resource Library-Traumatic Brain Injury

Video Transcription

Video Summary

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality globally, with up to half of deaths occurring within the first two hours. Early resuscitation is critical to prevent secondary brain injury. Hemodynamics, oxygenation, and blood pressure are key components of pre-hospital management. Hypotension and hypoxemia are associated with worse outcomes, so maintaining cerebral perfusion is important. Fluid resuscitation with isotonic or hypertonic fluids can be considered, while mannitol or hypertonic saline can help lower intracranial pressure. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and pupillary exam are crucial in assessing TBI severity and raised intracranial pressure. Other signs to monitor for include Cushing's triad, lucid interval, ongoing vomiting, and injury mechanism. In resource-limited settings, where imaging may not be available, serial neurologic exams, non-invasive neuromonitoring devices, and scheduled treatment can help manage TBI patients. Surgical considerations, such as exploratory burr holes or craniectomies, may be necessary if there is evidence of intracranial hemorrhage. The use of tranexamic acid has shown some benefits in reducing mortality in patients with TBI.

Asset Subtitle

Neuroscience, Trauma, 2023

Asset Caption

Type: two-hour concurrent | Critical Care Considerations During Prolonged Humanitarian Crises (SessionID 1201123)

Meta Tag

Content Type Presentation

Knowledge Area Neuroscience

Knowledge Area Trauma

Membership Level Professional

Membership Level Select

Tag Traumatic Brain Injury TBI

Year 2023

Keywords

Traumatic brain injury

resuscitation

cerebral perfusion

intracranial pressure

neuromonitoring devices

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